Energy management system for islanded multi‐microgrids using a two‐stage optimization scheme based on political optimizer

An energy management system (EMS) is proposed in this paper to minimize the amount of load shedding islanded multi-microgrids (MMGs) systems a cost-effective manner. The suggested EMS adopts two-stage hierarchical optimization model. first stage called microgrid (MG) optimization, which each MG minimized. day-ahead schedule diesel generator, charging/discharging power battery storage (BESS), reshaped profile after applying demand response programs (DRP), and shortage/surplus are determined optimization. second MMG shortage further minimized by exchange between individual MGs. remaining can be reduced with aid community resources. model formulated as nonlinear complex problem that handled more efficiently meta-heuristic techniques compared conventional analytic methods. political optimizer used paper. To prove effectiveness handling model, we also solved using particle swarm algorithm, results compared.